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Top left panel shows spindle-shaped adherent pluripotent unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) obtained from human placental cord blood. Top right panel shows neural cells that have differentiated from USCCs in vitro; cells are immunostained for the neuron-specific marker DOPA-decarboxylase. Bottom left panel shows groups of engrafted cells in right atria in a longitudinal section after in vivo differentiation of USSCs to cardiomyocytes in preiummune fetal sheep. Anti-human hepatocyte-specific antibody staining in liver sections (bottom right panel) revealed over 20% positive hepatocytes in the chimeric liver, providing evidence for in vivo differentiation of USSCs into parenchymal liver cells in the preimmune fetal sheep model. See related article by Kögler et al., pp. 123-135.
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