Published online July 23, 2007
doi:10.1084/jem.20070876
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Vol. 204, No. 8, 1813-1824
The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007 $30.00
© 2007 O'Neil et al.
FBW7 mutations in leukemic cells mediate NOTCH pathway activation and resistance to
-secretase inhibitors
Jennifer O'Neil1,
Jonathan Grim2,
Peter Strack3,
Sudhir Rao3,
Deanne Tibbitts4,
Christopher Winter3,
James Hardwick5,
Markus Welcker2,
Jules P. Meijerink6,
Rob Pieters6,
Giulio Draetta3,
Rosalie Sears4,
Bruce E. Clurman2, and
A. Thomas Look1,7
1 Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
2 Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109
3 Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, MA 02115
4 Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239
5 Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486
6 Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC/Sophia Children's Hospital, 3000 CB Rotterdam, Netherlands
7 Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115
CORRESPONDENCE A. Thomas Look: Thomas_Look{at}dfci.harvard.edu OR Bruce E. Clurman: bclurman{at}fhcrc.org
-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) can block NOTCH receptor signaling in vitro and therefore offer an attractive targeted therapy for tumors dependent on deregulated NOTCH activity. To clarify the basis for GSI resistance in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), we studied T-ALL cell lines with constitutive expression of the NOTCH intracellular domain (NICD), but that lacked C-terminal truncating mutations in NOTCH1. Each of the seven cell lines examined and 7 of 81 (8.6%) primary T-ALL samples harbored either a mutation or homozygous deletion of the gene FBW7, a ubiquitin ligase implicated in NICD turnover. Indeed, we show that FBW7 mutants cannot bind to the NICD and define the phosphodegron region of the NICD required for FBW7 binding. Although the mutant forms of FBW7 were still able to bind to MYC, they do not target it for degradation, suggesting that stabilization of both NICD and its principle downstream target, MYC, may contribute to transformation in leukemias with FBW7 mutations. In addition, we show that all seven leukemic cell lines with FBW7 mutations were resistant to the MRK-003 GSI. Most of these resistant lines also failed to down-regulate the mRNA levels of the NOTCH targets MYC and DELTEX1 after treatment with MRK-003, implying that residual NOTCH signaling in T-ALLs with FBW7 mutations contributes to GSI resistance.
Abbreviations used: AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CPD, Cdc phosphodegron; GSI,
-secretase inhibitor; MDS, myelodysplastic syndrome; NICD, NOTCH intracellular domain; T-ALL, T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
J. O'Neil and J. Grim, and B.E. Clurman and A.T. Look contributed equally to this work.

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