The Journal of Experimental Medicine
BioSymposia
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Published online April 9, 2007
doi:10.1084/jem.20061805
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Vol. 204, No. 4, 951-961
The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007 $30.00
© 2007 Purton et al.
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ARTICLE

 Antiviral CD4+ memory T cells are IL-15 dependent

Jared F. Purton1, Joyce T. Tan2, Mark P. Rubinstein3, David M. Kim1, Jonathan Sprent4, and Charles D. Surh1

1 Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
2 Department of Immunology, Anadys Pharmaceutical, La Jolla, CA 92037
3 Department of Immunology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037
4 Department of Immunology and Inflammation, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia

CORRESPONDENCE Charles D. Surh: csurh{at}scripps.edu

Survival and intermittent proliferation of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells appear to be controlled by different homeostatic mechanisms. In particular, contact with interleukin (IL)-15 has a decisive influence on memory CD8+ cells, but not memory CD4+ cells. Past studies of memory CD4+ cells have relied heavily on the use of naturally occurring memory phenotype (MP) cells as a surrogate for antigen (Ag)-specific memory cells. However, we show here that MP CD4+ cells contain a prominent subset of rapidly proliferating major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II–dependent cells. In contrast, Ag-specific memory CD4 cells have a slow turnover rate and are MHC II independent. In irradiated hosts, these latter cells ignore IL-15 and expand in response to the elevated levels of IL-7 in the lymphopenic hosts. In contrast, in normal nonlymphopenic hosts where IL-7 levels are low, memory CD4 cells are heavily dependent on IL-15. Significantly, memory CD4+ responsiveness to endogenous IL-15 reflects marked competition from other cells, especially CD8+ and natural killer cells, and increases considerably after removal of these cells. Therefore, under normal physiological conditions, homeostasis of CD8+ and CD4+ memory cells is quite similar and involves IL-15 and IL-7.

Abbreviations used: Ag, antigen; B6, C57BL/6; B6.PL, B6.PL Thy1a/Cy Thy-1.1+; GP, glycoprotein; LCMV, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus; MHC-II{Delta}/{Delta}, MHC II locus-deficient; MP, memory phenotype.


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