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¹ Laboratory of Immunology, Military Hospital Mohamed V, Hay Riad Rabat, Morocco ² McGill Centre for the Study of Host Resistance, Departments of Human Genetics and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, PQ, H3G 1A4 Canada ³ Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U550; University of Paris René Descartes, Necker Medical School, Paris, 75015 France ⁴ Centre for Tuberculosis Diagnosis, Hay Mohammadi, Casablanca, Morocco ⁵ Centre for Tuberculosis Diagnosis, Salé, Morocco ⁶ Inspection of Military Health Service, Rabat, Morocco ⁷ Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital, Paris, 75015 France ⁸ Laboratory of Immunology, Medical School, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco

CORRESPONDENCE Laurent Abel: abel{at}necker.fr

The molecular basis of genetic predisposition to pulmonary tuberculosis in adults remains largely elusive. Few candidate genes have consistently been implicated in tuberculosis susceptibility, and no conclusive linkage was found in two previous genome-wide screens. We report here a genome-wide linkage study in a total sample of 96 Moroccan multiplex families, including 227 siblings with microbiologically and radiologically proven pulmonary tuberculosis. A genome-wide scan conducted in half the sample (48 families) identified five regions providing suggestive evidence (logarithm of the odds [LOD] score >1.17; P < 0.01) for linkage. These regions were then fine-mapped in the total sample of 96 families. A single region of chromosome 8q12-q13 was significantly linked to tuberculosis (LOD score = 3.49; P = 3 x 10^–5), indicating the presence of a major tuberculosis susceptibility gene. Linkage was stronger (LOD score = 3.94; P = 10^–5) in the subsample of 39 families in which one parent was also affected by tuberculosis, whereas it was much lower (LOD score = 0.79) in the 57 remaining families without affected parents, supporting a dominant mode of inheritance of the major susceptibility locus. These results provide direct molecular evidence that human pulmonary tuberculosis has a strong genetic basis, and indicate that the genetic component involves at least one major locus with a dominant susceptibility allele.

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