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Published 19 December 2005. doi:10.1084/jem.20051381
Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007 $8.00
JEM, Volume 202, Number 12, 1627-1633
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BRIEF DEFINITIVE REPORT

 A nonclassical non-V{alpha}14J{alpha}18 CD1d-restricted (type II) NKT cell is sufficient for down-regulation of tumor immunosurveillance

Masaki Terabe1, Jeremy Swann2, Elena Ambrosino1, Pratima Sinha3, Shun Takaku1, Yoshihiro Hayakawa2, Dale I. Godfrey4, Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg3, Mark J. Smyth2, and Jay A. Berzofsky1

1 Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
2 Cancer Immunology Program, Sir Donald and Lady Trescowthick Laboratories, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
3 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250
4 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia

CORRESPONDENCE Masaki Terabe: terabe{at}mail.nih.gov OR Jay A. Berzofsky: berzofsk{at}helix.nih.gov

The importance of immunoregulatory T cells has become increasingly apparent. Both CD4+CD25+ T cells and CD1d-restricted NKT cells have been reported to down-regulate tumor immunity in mouse tumor models. However, the relative roles of both T cell populations have rarely been clearly distinguished in the same tumor models. In addition, CD1d-restricted NKT cells have been reported to play a critical role not only in the down-regulation of tumor immunity but also in the promotion of the immunity. However, the explanation for these apparently opposite roles in different tumor models remains unclear. We show that in four mouse tumor models in which CD1d-restricted NKT cells play a role in suppression of tumor immunity, depletion of CD4+CD25+ T cells did not induce enhancement of immunosurveillance. Surprisingly, among the two subpopulations of CD1d-restricted NKT cells, V{alpha}14J{alpha}18+ (type I) and V{alpha}14J{alpha}18– (type II) NKT cells, type I NKT cells were not necessary for the immune suppression. These unexpected results may now resolve the paradox in the role of CD1d-restricted NKT cells in the regulation of tumor immunity, in that type II NKT cells may be sufficient for negative regulation, whereas protection has been found to be mediated by {alpha}-galactosylceramide–responsive type I NKT cells.

M. Terabe and J. Swann contributed equally to this work.


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