Antimicrobial Actions of the NADPH Phagocyte Oxidase and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Experimental Salmonellosis. II. Effects on Microbial Proliferation and Host Survival In Vivo

doi:10.1084/jem.192.2.237

Published online 17 July 2000.

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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007/2000/7/237/ $5.00
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 192, Number 2, July 17, 2000 237-248

Original Article

Antimicrobial Actions of the NADPH Phagocyte Oxidase and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Experimental Salmonellosis. II. Effects on Microbial Proliferation and Host Survival In Vivo

Pietro Mastroeni^a,b, Andrés Vazquez-Torres^c,d,e, Ferric C. Fang^c,d,e, Yisheng Xu^c,d,e, Shahid Khan^a, Carlos E. Hormaeche^a,f, and Gordon Dougan^b
^a Centre for Veterinary Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom
^b Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
^c Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262
^d Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262
^e Department of Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262
^f Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Medical School, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom

Correspondence to: Pietro Mastroeni, Centre for Veterinary Science, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OES, UK. Tel:44-1223-339868 Fax:44-1223-337610 E-mail:pm274{at}cm.ac.uk.

The roles of the NADPH phagocyte oxidase (phox) and induciblenitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in host resistance to virulentSalmonella typhimurium were investigated in gp91phox^-/-, iNOS^-/-,and congenic wild-type mice. Although both gp91phox^-/- and iNOS^-/-mice demonstrated increased susceptibility to infection withS. typhimurium compared with wild-type mice, the kinetics ofbacterial replication were dramatically different in the gp91phox^-/-and iNOS^-/- mouse strains. Greater bacterial numbers were presentin the spleens and livers of gp91phox^-/- mice compared withC57BL/6 controls as early as day 1 of infection, and all ofthe gp91phox^-/- mice succumbed to infection within 5 d. In contrast,an increased bacterial burden was detected within reticuloendothelialorgans of iNOS^-/- mice only beyond the first week of infection.Influx of inflammatory CD11b⁺ cells, granuloma formation, andserum interferon ${gamma}$ levels were unimpaired in iNOS^-/- mice, butthe iNOS-deficient granulomas were unable to limit bacterialreplication. The NADPH phagocye oxidase and iNOS are both requiredfor host resistance to wild-type Salmonella, but appear to operateprincipally at different stages of infection.

Key Words: Salmonella, virulence, innate immunity, oxidative, nitrosative

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