The Inhibitor of Death Receptor Signaling, FLICE-inhibitory Protein Defines a New Class of Tumor Progression Factors

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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007/1999/10/1025/ $5.00
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 190, Number 7, October 4, 1999 1025-1032

The Inhibitor of Death Receptor Signaling, FLICE-inhibitory Protein Defines a New Class of Tumor Progression Factors

Mounira Djerbi^a, Valentina Screpanti^a, Anca Irinel Catrina^b, Bjarne Bogen^c, Peter Biberfeld^b, and Alf Grandien^a
^a Department of Immunology, Wenner-Gren Institute, University of Stockholm, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
^b Immunopathology Laboratory, Institute for Oncology-Pathology, the Karolinska Institute and Hospital, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
^c Institute of Immunology, National Hospital, University of Oslo, N-0172 Oslo, Norway

Correspondence to: Alf Grandien, Dept. of Immunology, the Wenner-Gren Institute, University of Stockholm, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Tel:46-8-16-41-78 Fax:46-8-15-41-63 E-mail:alf.grandien{at}imun.su.se.

Death receptor–mediated apoptosis can be modulated byseveral antiapoptotic proteins, such as the FLICE (FADD [Fas-associateddeath domain]-like IL-1ß–converting enzyme)-inhibitoryproteins (FLIPs). The FLIP family includes both cellular andviral members. The Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpesvirusprotein (KSHV)-FLIP is expressed by human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8),which is associated with malignancies such as Kaposi's sarcomaand certain lymphomas. In this paper, we demonstrate that KSHV-FLIPprotects cells from Fas-mediated apoptosis by inhibiting caspaseactivation and permits clonal growth in the presence of deathstimuli in vitro. Furthermore, we show that KSHV-FLIP can actas a tumor progression factor by promoting tumor establishmentand growth in vivo. When injected into immunocompetent recipientmouse strains, murine B lymphoma cells (A20) transduced withKSHV-FLIP rapidly develop into aggressive tumors showing a highrate of survival and growth. The tumor-progressive activityof KSHV-FLIP is mediated by prevention of death receptor–inducedapoptosis triggered by conventional T cells. Consequently, inhibitorsof death receptor signaling can be regarded as a new class oftumor progression factors, and HHV-8–associated tumorsmay represent naturally occurring examples of the tumorigeniceffect of such inhibitors.

Key Words: apoptosis, Fas receptor, antiapoptotic proteins, herpesvirus,lymphoma

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