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Original Article |
Correspondence to: Jacques Banchereau, Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, 3434 Live Oak St., Dallas, TX 75204. Tel:214-820-7450 Fax:214-820-4813 E-mail:j.banchereau{at}baylordallas.edu.
We have analyzed the presence of immature and mature dendritic cells (DCs) within adenocarcinoma of the breast using immunohistochemistry. Immature DCs were defined by expression of CD1a-, Langerin-, and intracellular major histocompatibility complex class IIrich vesicles. Mature DCs were defined by expression of CD83 and DC-Lamp. Breast carcinoma cells were defined by morphology and/or cytokeratin expression. We demonstrate two levels of heterogeneity of DCs infiltrating breast carcinoma tissue: (a) immature CD1a+ DCs, mostly of the Langerhans cell type (Langerin+), were retained within the tumor bed in 32/32 samples and (b) mature DCs, CD83+DC-Lamp+, present in 20/32 samples, are confined to peritumoral areas. The high numbers of immature DCs found in the tumor may be best explained by high levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 3
expression by virtually all tumor cells. Confirming the immature/mature DC compartmentalization pattern, in vitrogenerated immature DCs adhere to the tumor cells, whereas mature DCs adhere selectively to peritumoral areas. In some cases, T cells are clustering around the mature DCs in peritumoral areas, thus resembling the DCT cell clusters of secondary lymphoid organs, which are characteristic of ongoing immune reactions.
Key Words: breast cancer, dendritic cells, tumor immunity, MHC class II, chemokines
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