J. Exp. Med., Volume 189, Number 12, June 21, 1999 1907-1921

An Invariant T Cell Receptor  Chain Defines a Novel TAP-independent Major Histocompatibility Complex Class Ib-restricted / T Cell Subpopulation in Mammals

By Florence Tilloy,^* Emmanuel Treiner,^* Se-Ho Park,^§ Corinne Garcia, François Lemonnier, Henri de la Salle,^¶ Albert Bendelac,^§ Marc Bonneville,^** and Olivier Lantz^*

From ^* Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U25 and  INSERM U373, Hôpital Necker, 75015 Paris, France; the ^§ Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540;  Département SIDA-Rétrovirus, Unité d'Immunité Cellulaire Antivirale, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France; ^¶ CJF-93-42, Établissement de Transfusion Sanguine, 67065 Strasbourg, France; ^** INSERM U463, Institut de Biologie, 44035 Nantes, France; and  University Paris XI, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

We describe here a new subset of T cells, found in humans, mice, and cattle. These cells bear a canonical T cell receptor (TCR)  chain containing hAV7S2 and AJ33 in humans and the homologous AV19-AJ33 in mice and cattle with a CDR3 of constant length. These T cells are CD4CD8 double-negative (DN) T cells in the three species and also CD8 in humans. In humans, their frequency was ~1/10 in DN, 1/50 in CD8⁺, and 1/6,000 in CD4⁺ lymphocytes, and they display an activated/memory phenotype (CD45RA^loCD45RO⁺). They preferentially use hBV2S1 and hBV13 segments and have an oligoclonal V repertoire suggesting peripheral expansions. These cells were present in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II- and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP)-deficient humans and mice and also in classical MHC class I- and CD1-deficient mice but were absent from 2-microglobulin-deficient mice, indicating their probable selection by a nonclassical MHC class Ib molecule distinct from CD1. The conservation between mammalian species, the abundance, and the unique selection pattern suggest an important role for cells using this novel canonical TCR  chain.

invariant T cell receptor  chain;  CD4CD8 T cells;  humans;  cattle;  mice

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