J. Exp. Med., Volume 187, Number 2, January 19, 1998 271-275

BRIEF DEFINITIVE REPORT:
Proteolytic Cleavage of CD25, the  Subunit of the Human T Cell Interleukin 2 Receptor, by Der p 1, a Major Mite Allergen with Cysteine Protease Activity

By Oliver Schulz, Herb F. Sewell, and Farouk Shakib

From the Division of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom

Recent reports have indicated that the cysteine protease activity of Der p 1 may play a significant role in its ability to elicit IgE antibody responses, mainly through cleavage of membrane CD23 on B cells and interleukin (IL)-4 synthesis and secretion from mast cells and basophils. Here we demonstrate for the first time that Der p 1 also cleaves the  subunit of the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R or CD25) from the surface of human peripheral blood T cells and, as a result, these cells show markedly diminished proliferation and interferon  secretion in response to potent stimulation by anti-CD3 antibody. Given that the IL-2R is pivotal for the propagation of Th1 cells, its cleavage by Der p 1 may consequently bias the immune response towards Th2 cells, thereby creating an allergic microenvironment.

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