The Journal of Experimental Medicine
StemCell Technologies
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J. Exp. Med., Volume 187, Number 11, June 1, 1998 1885-1892

Thalidomide Costimulates Primary Human T Lymphocytes, Preferentially Inducing Proliferation, Cytokine Production, and Cytotoxic Responses in the CD8+ Subset

By Patrick A.J. Haslett, Laura G. Corral, Matthew Albert, and Gilla Kaplan

From The Rockefeller University, New York 10021-6399

The efficacy of thalidomide (alpha -phthalimido-glutarimide) therapy in leprosy patients with erythema nodosum leprosum is thought to be due to inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha . In other diseases reported to respond to thalidomide, the mechanism of action of the drug is unclear. We show that thalidomide is a potent costimulator of primary human T cells in vitro, synergizing with stimulation via the T cell receptor complex to increase interleukin 2-mediated T cell proliferation and interferon gamma  production. The costimulatory effect is greater on the CD8+ than the CD4+ T cell subset. The drug also increases the primary CD8+ cytotoxic T cell response induced by allogeneic dendritic cells in the absence of CD4+ T cells. Therefore, human T cell costimulation can be achieved pharmacologically with thalidomide, and preferentially in the CD8+ T cell subset.

Key words: thalidomidecostimulationT cellsCD8+;  pharmacologic immune modulation


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