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J. Exp. Med.,
Volume 187, Number 11, June 1, 1998 1885-1892
By
From The Rockefeller University, New York 10021-6399
The efficacy of thalidomide (
-phthalimido-glutarimide) therapy in leprosy patients with
erythema nodosum leprosum is thought to be due to inhibition of tumor necrosis factor
. In
other diseases reported to respond to thalidomide, the mechanism of action of the drug is unclear. We show that thalidomide is a potent costimulator of primary human T cells in vitro,
synergizing with stimulation via the T cell receptor complex to increase interleukin 2-mediated T cell proliferation and interferon
production. The costimulatory effect is greater on the
CD8+ than the CD4+ T cell subset. The drug also increases the primary CD8+ cytotoxic T
cell response induced by allogeneic dendritic cells in the absence of CD4+ T cells. Therefore,
human T cell costimulation can be achieved pharmacologically with thalidomide, and preferentially in the CD8+ T cell subset.
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