J. Exp. Med.
© The Rockefeller University Press
0022-1007/97/03/1101/12 $2.00
Volume 185, Number 6, March 17, 1997 1101-1112

The Enigmatic Plasmacytoid T Cells Develop into Dendritic Cells with Interleukin (IL)-3 and CD40-Ligand

By Géraldine Grouard,^* Marie-Clotilde Rissoan,^* Luis Filgueira, Isabelle Durand,^* Jacques Banchereau,^* and Yong-Jun Liu^*

From ^* Schering-Plough, Laboratory for Immunological Research, 69571 Dardilly, France; and  Institute of Anatomy, Division of Cell Biology, University Irchel-Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland

A subset of CD4⁺CD11cCD3 blood cells was recently shown to develop into dendritic cells when cultured with monocyte conditioned medium. Here, we demonstrate that CD4⁺ CD11cCD3 cells, isolated from tonsils, correspond to the so-called plasmacytoid T cells, an obscure cell type that has long been observed by pathologists within secondary lymphoid tissues. They express CD45RA, but not markers specific for known lymphoid- or myeloid-derived cell types. They undergo rapid apoptosis in culture, unless rescued by IL-3. Further addition of CD40-ligand results in their differentiation into dendritic cells that express low levels of myeloid antigens CD13 and CD33.

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• Anasetti, C. (2004). Thrombopoietin and the mysteries of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Blood 103: 2433-2433 [Full Text]  
• Van Krinks, C. H., Matyszak, M. K., Hill Gaston, J. S. (2004). Characterization of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in inflammatory arthritis synovial fluid. Rheumatology (Oxford) 43: 453-460 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Megjugorac, N. J., Young, H. A., Amrute, S. B., Olshalsky, S. L., Fitzgerald-Bocarsly, P. (2004). Virally stimulated plasmacytoid dendritic cells produce chemokines and induce migration of T and NK cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 75: 504-514 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Salio, M., Palmowski, M. J., Atzberger, A., Hermans, I. F., Cerundolo, V. (2004). CpG-matured Murine Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Are Capable of In Vivo Priming of Functional CD8 T Cell Responses to Endogenous but Not Exogenous Antigens. J. Exp. Med. 199: 567-579 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schnurr, M., Toy, T., Shin, A., Hartmann, G., Rothenfusser, S., Soellner, J., Davis, I. D., Cebon, J., Maraskovsky, E. (2004). Role of adenosine receptors in regulating chemotaxis and cytokine production of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Blood 103: 1391-1397 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kaser, A., Kaser, S., Kaneider, N. C., Enrich, B., Wiedermann, C. J., Tilg, H. (2004). Interleukin-18 attracts plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DC2s) and promotes Th1 induction by DC2s through IL-18 receptor expression. Blood 103: 648-655 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Asselin-Paturel, C., Brizard, G., Pin, J.-J., Briere, F., Trinchieri, G. (2003). Mouse Strain Differences in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Frequency and Function Revealed by a Novel Monoclonal Antibody. J. Immunol. 171: 6466-6477 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Palucka, A. K., Gatlin, J., Blanck, J. P., Melkus, M. W., Clayton, S., Ueno, H., Kraus, E. T., Cravens, P., Bennett, L., Padgett-Thomas, A., Marches, F., Islas-Ohlmayer, M., Garcia, J. V., Banchereau, J. (2003). Human dendritic cell subsets in NOD/SCID mice engrafted with CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors. Blood 102: 3302-3310 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mohty, M., Vialle-Castellano, A., Nunes, J. A., Isnardon, D., Olive, D., Gaugler, B. (2003). IFN-{alpha} Skews Monocyte Differentiation into Toll-Like Receptor 7-Expressing Dendritic Cells with Potent Functional Activities. J. Immunol. 171: 3385-3393 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vanbervliet, B., Bendriss-Vermare, N., Massacrier, C., Homey, B., de Bouteiller, O., Briere, F., Trinchieri, G., Caux, C. (2003). The Inducible CXCR3 Ligands Control Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Responsiveness to the Constitutive Chemokine Stromal Cell-derived Factor 1 (SDF-1)/CXCL12. J. Exp. Med. 198: 823-830 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jefford, M., Schnurr, M., Toy, T., Masterman, K.-A., Shin, A., Beecroft, T., Tai, T. Y., Shortman, K., Shackleton, M., Davis, I. D., Parente, P., Luft, T., Chen, W., Cebon, J., Maraskovsky, E. (2003). Functional comparison of DCs generated in vivo with Flt3 ligand or in vitro from blood monocytes: differential regulation of function by specific classes of physiologic stimuli. Blood 102: 1753-1763 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Herling, M., Teitell, M. A., Shen, R. R., Medeiros, L. J., Jones, D. (2003). TCL1 expression in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DC2s) and the related CD4+ CD56+ blastic tumors of skin. Blood 101: 5007-5009 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Donaghy, H., Gazzard, B., Gotch, F., Patterson, S. (2003). Dysfunction and infection of freshly isolated blood myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in patients infected with HIV-1. Blood 101: 4505-4511 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Szabolcs, P., Park, K.-D., Reese, M., Marti, L., Broadwater, G., Kurtzberg, J. (2003). Absolute Values of Dendritic Cell Subsets in Bone Marrow, Cord Blood, and Peripheral Blood Enumerated by a Novel Method. Stem Cells 21: 296-303 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fonteneau, J.-F., Gilliet, M., Larsson, M., Dasilva, I., Munz, C., Liu, Y.-J., Bhardwaj, N. (2003). Activation of influenza virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells: a new role for plasmacytoid dendritic cells in adaptive immunity. Blood 101: 3520-3526 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yonezawa, A., Morita, R., Takaori-Kondo, A., Kadowaki, N., Kitawaki, T., Hori, T., Uchiyama, T. (2003). Natural Alpha Interferon-Producing Cells Respond to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 with Alpha Interferon Production and Maturation into Dendritic Cells. J. Virol. 77: 3777-3784 [Abstract] [Full Text]  

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