A major costimulatory molecule on antigen-presenting cells, CTLA4 ligand A, is distinct from B7

doi:10.1084/jem.178.5.1789

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A major costimulatory molecule on antigen-presenting cells, CTLA4 ligand A, is distinct from B7

Y Wu, Y Guo and Y Liu
Michael Heidelberger Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016.

CTLA4 ligands are important costimulatory molecules because soluble CTLA4Ig blocks the induction of T cell responses and induces T cell tolerance. As CTLA4 immunoglobulin (CTLA4Ig) binds B7 when the latter is expressed on fibroblasts, it was widely assumed that CTLA4Ig blocks T cell costimulation by blocking the function of B7. Here we show that the major costimulatory ligand bound by CTLA4Ig (which we term CTLA4 ligand A) on antigen-presenting cells are not encoded by the B7 gene. CTLA4 ligand A also differs from B7 in cellular distribution and in the respective levels of expression. Both B7 and CTLA4 ligand A are critically involved in T cell costimulation.
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