The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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Journal of Experimental Medicine, Vol 172, 977-980, Copyright © 1990 by Rockefeller University Press

ARTICLES

Co-infection of macrophages modulates interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor-induced activation against intracellular pathogens

CM Black, LE Bermudez, LS Young and JS Remington
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, California 94301.

Co-infection of macrophages (M phi) with Toxoplasma gondii and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) has been observed in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In this study we have demonstrated that co-infected murine M phi respond differently to cytokine stimulation than M phi infected with either of the microorganisms alone. Whereas treatment with interferon gamma (IFN- gamma) activated both single and co-infected groups of M phi to kill T. gondii, treatment with TNF did not influence the rate of MAC growth in co-infected M phi, in contrast with the inhibition of growth observed in MAC-infected M phi. These results suggest that in AIDS patients suffering infection with multiple intracellular pathogens, the ability of cytokines to stimulate microbicidal or static activity in mononuclear phagocytes can be impaired by the presence of more than one of the intracellular organisms.
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