POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES IN IMMUNOLOGIC REACTIONS: THE DESTRUCTION OF VASCULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

doi:10.1084/jem.124.4.733

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POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES IN IMMUNOLOGIC REACTIONS : THE DESTRUCTION OF VASCULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

Charles G. Cochrane M.D.¹ and Barbara S. Aikin ¹

¹ From the Division of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California

Vascular basement membrane was disrupted in the presence ofpolymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN's) during two immunologicreactions: The Arthus phenomenon and the reaction to locallyinjected antibody to vascular basement membrane. This disruptionwas evidenced by (a) the inability of the basement membraneto retain circulating carbon, by (b) loss of antigenic constituents,and by (c) electron microscopic observation showing actual gapsin the structure of the vascular basement membrane.

The factorswithin PMN's responsible for damage to isolated glomerular basementmembrane in vitro were found by isolation procedures to be cathepsinsD and E. Cationic proteins of PMN's were separable from thecathepsins. While inducing vascular permeability upon injection,these basic proteins failed to inflict the severe damage tothe basement membrane observed in Arthus and antibasement membranereactions. It is concluded that the full expression of theseimmunologic lesions requires destruction of the basement membranepossibly brought about by cathepsins D and E.

Some of the physicochemicalproperties of these pathologically active leukocytic factorsare given.

Submitted on May 2, 1966

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